ios-lab-tftp

IOS Upgrade LAB

Overview
This lab will use a PC connected to a router using a rollover cable connected to the console port to transfer a new IOS image to the router from a TFTP server. Transfer of the IOS via the ethernet interface is faster than using a serial cable to transfer the image. The TFTP server is used as a repository for the new IOS image.

Method

Open Packet Tracer
(Minimum version 4.1)

Open a new file and add the hardware listed below.
You will need as a minimum:

Server PT;
Router – choose an 1841;
Switch – any;
PC with any Ethernet interface.

Set up the hardware as shown below.

Cabling the network
Use a copper straight-through cable between server and switch and also between switch and router.
Use the lowest numbered interfaces on all devices for Cat 5 cabling.
Use a console (rollover) cable between the PC and router and connects it to the console port on the router and the RS232 port on the PC.

Setup of the RS232 port on the PC
Go to PC, Desktop then Terminal.
Make sure the settings are as shown below. This is necessary to setup the serial link between the PC and the rouiter. You will need to use the same settings when using a VT100 emulator such as hyperterminal.

Click OK

Setup of the router
You need to give the router a temporary IP address for the purpose of connecting the router to the TFTP server.
Give the router a /24 IP address on an Ethernet interface. You will need to supply the correct subnet mask.
Work this address and subnet mask out before you continue.
Change the router’s name to my_new_router
You can do this yourself or follow the instructions below:

At Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: type n, Return

Now type the following commands

Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface ?

This displays the available interfaces. Choose the appropriate ethernet interface.

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#hostname my_new_router

my_new_router(config)#exit
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
my_new_router#write
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
my_new_router#

Visit the CLI of the router and ascertain the IOS version that is currently running.
Use the ‘show version’ command to do this.
When viewing the output note that IOS is not the same as System Bootstrap!
Make a note of the values for NVRAM, DRAM and FLASH.
Where are these values written?

The IOS is displayed prefixed by its location on the router.
Make a note of the location and the FULL name of the IOS that is currently installed on the router.
Make a note of the value of the Configuration Register.
This tells the router where to look at boot for its IOS.

Setup the TFTP server
Open the TFTP server properties by clicking on it.
Under Config, Services turn off all services except TFTP
Notice the IOS versions already ‘downloaded’ to the TFTP server
Set a /24 address and subnet mask from the router’s FastEthernet network range that you defined earlier in this lab.

Make sure that your network has connectivity between the server and router before continuing.
Use a ping from either the router or the server to verify connectivity.

my_new_router#ping 192.168.1.2

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms

Copy the results of the ping (you may have used different IP settings to mine).
Carry out diagnostics if the ping fails and do not continue until you have achieved connectivity.

ROMMON
The ROM monitor (also called the bootstrap program) is the firmware that runs when you power on Cisco routers. It is similar to the BIOS (CMOS) setup menu on a PC because it allows basic hardware changes to be configured.
During normal operation, the ROM monitor helps to initialize the processor hardware and boot the operating system software.

Entering ROMMON is accomplished by changing the configuration register to either 0x2100 or 0x0.

my_new_router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

my_new_router(config)#config-register 0x2100
my_new_router(config)#exit
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
my_new_router#reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm]

Press Enter
Type ?
Note that the response gives a list of the commands available, but not how to use them.
Now look at files in FLASH memory using the command shown below:

rommon 8 > dir flash:
File size Checksum File name

13832032 bytes (0xd30f60) 0x1033 c1841-ipbase-mz.123-14.T7.bin

Now reboot the router (use the 'reset' command).

If the router will not boot into its IOS, issue the command boot flash:

Copying the new IOS image onto the router
Choose the IOS image on the TFTP server that you do not currently have in the router’s FLASH – note the COMPLETE name.

Enter Priv Exec mode on your router and type the command copy tftp flash:

You will need to supply the IP address of the TFTP server, the filename of the chosen IOS and verify the destination filename ( you should keep this the same as the source file name).

my_new_router#copy tftp flash:
Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.2
Source filename []? c1841-ipbasek9-mz.124-12.bin
Destination filename [c1841-ipbasek9-mz.124-12.bin]?
Accessing tftp://192.168.1.2/c1841-ipbasek9-mz.124-12.bin....
Loading c1841-ipbasek9-mz.124-12.bin from 192.168.1.2: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK - 16599160 bytes]

16599160 bytes copied in 30.097 secs (123409 bytes/sec)
my_new_router#dir flash:
Directory of flash:/ (read the output)

Now re-enter ROMMON

rommon 1 > boot flash:c1841-ipbasek9-mz.124-12.bin

Observe the boot process and verify that the router has booted the new IOS using the ‘show version’ command

my_new_router#delete flash:c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.bin
Delete filename [c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.bin]?
Delete flash:/ c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-15.T1.bin? [confirm]

my_new_router#dir flash:
Directory of flash:/

2 -rw- 16599160 <no date> c1841-ipbasek9-mz.124-12.bin

32514048 bytes total (15914888 bytes free)

Reboot the router with the 'reload' command.
Notice that the router boots to Rommon again. To rectify this, you will need to change the configuration register back to 0x2102 once more.
This tells the router to boot from the IOS the next time it is rebooted.

rommon 2 > confreg 0x2102
rommon 3 > reset

Once the router reboots, verify that the IOS is now the new version – use the show version command.
If the router has booted from the new IOS, you have completed this part of the lab.

Backing up your configuration files to the TFTP server

You should make copies of your configuration files regularly to make disaster recovery manageable.
At the priv exec prompt you issue the copy command and specify the file to copy, the IP address of the destination (the TFTP server) and the destination filename.

my_new_router#copy running-config tftp
Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.2
Destination filename [my_new_router-confg]?
.!!
[OK - 352 bytes]

352 bytes copied in 3.184 secs (0 bytes/sec)

Look in the TFTP server for the config file that you copied
This is useful as a backup in case of router failure.

Save this work and your Packet Tracer file.